The Art of Jackson Pollock and Gustav Klimt in Ex Machina

by Drew Martin
I saw Ex Machina in the movie theater today. It is the kind of well thought out, patient science fiction that I like. It references a lot of movies and there is a role that art plays in it that I want to mention even though one instance is quite obvious.

Caleb, an employee at an advanced search engine company, BlueBook, is invited by the founder/owner, Nathan, to put a fetching AI robot, Ava, through the Turing test - to see if she can pass for a human. While discussing consciousness they stand before a Jackson Pollock drip painting [I do not recognize it as a copy of his work and although I see it referred to as a "replica"...I think it was just whipped up for the movie without an attempt to approximate an actual work]. The painting is there to nod to the human nature of "automatic art" - "Not deliberate, not random. Someplace in between...to make art without thinking."

Ava spends her evenings at a simple desk in a small room drawing pictures. At first they are abstract geometries but then, after Caleb's request, she creates a picture of a glass-enclosed courtyard garden she can see, and then a portrait of him. These drawings are all triangulated and software driven.

The other, less obvious reference is to Gustav Klimt's painting of the sister of Ludwig Wittgenstein - one of the 20th century's greatest philosophers who covered logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of language. He is referenced several times in the film. Klimt's painting of his sister represents Ava's human side. Towards the end of the film, Ava walks by it wearing a white dress.

To promote the film an Ava "session" website was set up, on which Ava asks you (typing) if she can draw a picture of you. If you say yes, your laptop camera turns on, snaps your picture, and then a triangulated image of you is worked out. Pictured here, bottom, is my portrait drawn by Ava. Check it out at http://ava-sessions.com.

Searching for Marissa Mayer

by Drew Martin
If you are artistic and creative, and would not touch an MBA-type with a ten-foot-pole but still want to get some insight on the business world, then I would recommend picking up a copy of Fast Company. It has a personal side to the people who get ideas rolling into working businesses. On the cover of the May 2015 issue is a flawless picture of Marissa Mayer, the computer engineer who became the 20th employee at Google, and who is now the CEO of Yahoo!

Yahoo! won me over back in the day with their "quilting" commercial. In it a punk rocker is having some alone time in his band's practice room. We see him peacefully quilting until his three other band members walk in on him and start hysterically laughing. The next scene we see him searching "clubs" on Yahoo! and a moment later we see him on the porch of a southern mansion, quilting with fawning southern belles. As a guy who sews, it hit home, and it also captured what new communities the world wide web was forming at that time.

Yahoo! was good but then Google came along and buried it. I still have and use my original Yahoo! email address. I have two actually. I also have a couple Gmail accounts but I use my Yahoo! more for some reason.

So I have seen Yahoo! rise and fall, rise and fall. A lot of people have liked kicking it when its down, and predict its ultimate demise with or without Mayer on board. To sum up the Fast Company article, Mayer has done a stellar job, and the company has been catching up. Through their push for native apps, they have created a few nice to have but not need to have products.

I had never heard Mayer speak so I decided to do some catch-up myself. First I watched her keynote speech at the 2014 International Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. It was awkward, stiff and most things fell flat. But then I followed that with a video posted in 2006 of her speaking to a small group at Stanford, her Alma Mater, and it was fascinating. She is a clear, articulate, and intelligent speaker. Her Finnish (mom's side) pixie features are contrasted by a wacky laugh and a raspy voice that sometimes approaches Marge Simpson. Then I watched a 2012 interview with her by NPR correspondent Laura Sydell. In it she is just as fascinating to watch. When you hear her speak you know she got to where she is through her intellect, and hard work. Although she started out at Stanford to become a pediatric neurosurgeon, she ended up getting a BS, and then an MS in computer science for artificial intelligence by focusing on symbolic systems. 

Mayer is a minimal sleeper and says shes used to pull an all-nighter once a week when she worked at Google. I appreciate her ability to keep a focused conversation on track. Multiple times Sydell tries to get her to speak about her female experience, and women in coding, but Mayer doesn't grant that angle. Instead, she talks about the need to have more coders and diversity in general, and talks about being gender blind. Likewise, she prefers the "clause" be dropped when others speak about her own achievements.

When asked about burnout, Mayer offers that she thinks burnout is really more about resentment, and she would rather focus on rhythm than work-life balance, and gives a few examples from her experiences where she had to deal with this issue as a manager.

Despite being turned off by the CES Vegas speech, I looked into a couple of the apps discussed and installed some of them on my phone. Yahoo! Weather is quite brilliant actually because it pulls from their acquired Flickr database to serve up locally relevant images for the city locations, and gives credit to the photographer. Their reasoning is obvious; so you can take a look at recent images from that location, but I think people use weather searches for more social reasons, such as getting a bit closer to someone in a far away location. I have done this even when the weather report was just the high and low numbers. With the images of that place, it makes it that much more intimate.

The other app I downloaded is Yahoo! News Digest. It is a really slick and cool approach to serving up news. It shows seven or more stories, with additional reads and sources tucked nicely into the design. When you finish with the string of stories, a completion dial satisfyingly fills up and you are left with a takeaway quote. The stories are loaded/refreshed every morning and evening. I just went through tonight's articles and was left with the following quote from the photographer Diane Arbus, "Taking pictures is savoring life intensely every hundredth of a second."

While some people struggle to make connections between art and science, Mayer embraces the synthesis. Her mother is an art teacher and her father is an engineer. She sees her career as a continuing combination of those two fields, and encourages the serendipitous collision of ideas to create what she calls the Reese's Peanut Butter Cup Effect. After spending some virtual time finding out more about Mayer I second the Fast Company heading Don't Count Yahoo Out - How CEO Marissa Mayer Will Defy Her Critics.

Walk-In Pantry by Summer Wheat

by Drew Martin
The Fridman Gallery is a smart little gallery in SoHo that has big ideas. I like this space because each of the four shows I have seen there in the past year was entirely different: artists, medium, lighting, floor plan and mood. I imagine it as a museum with each show, flowing into the other. The gallery is close to my work so I stopped by at lunchtime today to catch the current show before it closes on Saturday.

This solo exhibition, Walk-in Pantry, by the artist Summer Wheat, immerses the viewer in an installation of paintings and paint-rugs that reference the surroundings of Vermeer's The Milkmaid.

I first felt a little oppressed in front of Wheat's paintings because they are heavy with black charcoal mixed with the paints but then they open up to you. It is actually a really odd sensation; you first feel the presence of basic shapes, but then you see something more definite about them. They have an immediate impression like a Motherwell, but then you see objects in the forms and there is a kind of clarity you feel...like I did not understand this ten seconds ago but now I do. In many ways this sums up art.

Wheat's most powerful works are her paint-rugs. I love when I see an artist own a technique. In this case it's the way she pushes acrylics through a fine plastic mesh, and then decorates them.

Going Solo in SoHo

by Drew Martin
When I was a kid SoHo was Bohemian turf. The museums were uptown, but SoHo was flush with galleries, artists studios, and supply stores. As all of that got priced out and the artists were overrun by European tourists on trendy shopping sprees, the galleries moved up to Chelsea. There was talk of that all moving over to the Bowery to litter around the New Museum but the High Line took off and The Whitney Museum of American Art relocated there, so it seems like Chelsea will hold onto to its art scene. One of the most respected art institutions in SoHo, The Drawing Center, had plans to relocate to Ground Zero after 9/11 but that fell through, as did another location they had there eye on, the South Street Seaport. Instead, they stay put, renovated their space and continued to focus on curating great shows.

Gone are all the great fabrics stores and other raw material suppliers. Likewise, Canal Plastics and Pearl Paint fairly recently closed shop. But SoHo Art Materials relocated to Wooster Street, just below The Drawing Center. I needed some art supplies, and I like this store a lot so I walked down there today to buy some paint, pens, and drawing paper. I stopped by The Drawing Center on the way there and walked through a nice portrait show from École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris, which explores 400 years of portrait drawings.

I did not care too much for the work they had going on in the back room for The Brothers Grimm show by Natalie Frank, who made a series of colorful but heavy gouache and chalk pastel drawings that deal with the tales. But I did like the small drawings by the U.K. artist Rachel Goodyear, which are squeezed into the narrow basement space: The Lab Corridor.

The biggest art surprise today, however, came after The Drawing Center, and after SoHo Art Materials. I left the store and passed the former Deitch Projects Gallery, which is now the Swiss Institute. Their space lured me in because it looked interesting and joyful. The show, Work Hard, is a quirky collection of contemporary art as well as drawings from Marguerite Burnat-Provins, a writer born in 1872. The first thing you notice is Black Balthazar by Mai-Thu Perret, a rattan core sculpture of a donkey - Balthazar from the 1966 classic French film Au hasard Balthazar.

Each piece in the gallery is quite different from the other, as this is a group show of two dozen artists. On a wall near Balthazar, is a wonderful kinetic metal mobile relief by Jean Tinguely from 1959. In the next room a life size female sculpture wears a gorilla suit [Alma (After Kokoschka) by Denis Savary]. On the opposite wall is a rocky landscape with two boots, one of which has stepped into a rat trap [Le danger de la multiplication by Daniel Spoerri].

My favorite piece from my quick spin of the gallery was Skin by Latifa Echakhch. It's just a cluster of 13 pairs of shoes but it reminded me of my time living in the Czech Republic, where everyone took off his or her shoes before entering someone's apartment. So this mass of shoes made me feel like a bunch of young people where on the other side of the wall having a good time. It also does something that a lot of artwork strives to achieve, which is to have a very different look and experience from another angle. The gallery is such that you can actually look down on top of this collection of sneakers so while the first approach is sculptural, the second pass from above has more of a painterly or photographic experience. 

3D Print People Are Such Exhibitionists

by Drew Martin
I went to the Inside 3D Printing show at the Javits Center on Thursday. It was smaller than what I imagined and not as exciting as I had hoped. The show had a manufacturers space and a designers section. The manufacturers space was what you would expect - small booths with 3D printers, spools of filament and 3D prints. The booth that got the most attention on that side was Artec 3D's full body scanner, with a line of people waiting to get scanned. Even though I had seen this technology before, it was still interesting to see again. It is remarkable that you can get a realistic, and extremely detailed 3D print of yourself or someone you know. The first time I saw this, I imagined a home's mantel with a line of ancestral statues. I spoke with Moscovite Anna Galdina, pictured here with a 3D print of herself in her hand. She said they developed the technology in Russia but the country's business laws were too prohibitive to make it work so they picked up and moved to Palo Alto, California and have prospered ever since. 

The design half of the show was also what one might expect - a hodgepodge of toys, fashion accessories, jewelry and other chotchkies, some white architectural models, and a few manufacturing design products. The oasis of this section was Ashley Zelinskie's 3D-printed Brillo box placed in an infinity room, lined with mirrors. While the Brillo box reference's Andy Warhol's recreation of the actual product with his silk-screening technique, Zelinskie adds a twist by creating a lattice-work using the hexadecimal code behind the file for the work. I like the nod to Warhol and the idea of a 3D file being infinitely reproducible, but the use of code as a physical structure is more interesting, and is fortunately behind much of Zelinskie's work.

If you visit Zelinskie's website (www.ashleyzelinskie.com) you will see an even more fitting, and one could say - digitally philosophical nod, to Joseph Kosuth’s One and Three Chair. 

The hexadecimal sculpture is a recreation of Joseph Kosuth’s “One and Three Chair” piece. Kosuth poses a question of the reality of the chair in his sculpture. I chose to recreate this idea using one object. A 3D rendering of the chair used in Kosuth’s project was created, broken down in to its basic hexadecimal code, and its skeleton build back up using only the code. The chair will look like a chair to both human and computer and will pose the question “which is the real chair?"

Watch the Tech Times interview with Zelinskie below:

Which Do You Want to Hear First...the Good Muse or the Bad Muse? (Let's Start With the Bad Muse)

by Drew Martin

One thing I can be sure of when I do back-to-back gallery visits to Gavin Brown's Enterprise and the Maccarone gallery is that GBE will always have big, tacky work, and the Maccarone gallery inevitably will have something more interesting to spend time with. Everything I have ever seen at GBE has an immediate sensation, that leaves me cold in a matter of seconds. And Maccarone always helps redeem contemporary art with a little more craft and thought. This is why I always visit GBE right before Maccarone. Last week my take on GBE's show Here's Good Looking @U, Kid by Karl Holmqvist with an addendum by Rirkrit Tiravanija, followed by Maccarone's 17-person group show All Back in the Skull Together was no different.

I did actually like Holmqvist's "untitled" Four letter word sculptures (FUCK, LUVV, PUNK, and LIKE) and I also like a printed piece but the paintings fall into the GBE trap of feeling like the artist is just trying to cover the walls.

One of the pictures in the Maccarone gallery that I regretfully walked by too quickly (and need to go back to look at again) is by the Czech photographer Miroslav Tichý - the creepy, old man/brilliant photographer who looked homeless and used homemade scrap cameras in order to take voyeuristic pictures of young ladies in his town, Kyjov. Explaining his approach..."If you want to be famous, you must do something more badly than anybody in the entire world." As an aside for non-Czech readers, Miroslav means Famous for Peace, and Tichý means Quiet. There are also some interesting works in the show by another Czech - Eva Kotátková - untitled collages and a grilled bunkbed, Double Sleep, which of course brings to mind Edward Kienholz's The State Hospital.

When you first enter this gallery you immediately notice a pink, synthetic sculpture by Lynda Benglis, and a Cinderella sculpture by Birgit Jürgenssen, which is a little too illustrative for my liking.

What I liked the most were a couple simpler sculptures such as Jo Nigoghossian's Hole With Some Bars, and Sarah Lucas' Mammerylooloo whose use of the toilet and the soft sculpture nylon stocking breasts simultaneously evokes Duchamp and Oldenburg. 

And I especially liked Sam Anderson's floor-level and tiny sculptures Texas, and France, which have leather scrap territories.

I was not familiar with Eva Kotátková and found this interview with her when I looked her up:

In Memoriam: Shannon Eckhart

by Drew Martin
It's nearly midnight and I am up 3D printing tuxedo studs (right black squares in top image) because I have a black tie event for work in two nights in New York. I am fudging a real tux with a black suit and tuxedo shirt. I have a bow tie and cuff links but I do not have studs so I modeled them earlier in Google SketchUp, made some adjustments, and now I am sending them to print on my home 3D printer.

I do not go to these kinds of events often. In fact, the last one I went to was two years ago in Washington, D.C., which was the last time I saw a former colleague and friend named Shannon Eckhart. A couple weeks ago, at the age of 37 she died from a blood clot that she developed while flying on a business trip.

At the D.C. event I had the same outfit but at that time I thought my shirt had white/clear backup buttons. It did not; only stud holes. I noticed this minutes before the event and panicked. I took an old, spare black sock, cut it into strips and knotted the ends (pictured left in top image) and then I worked them through the holes so that one strip would take care of two places. It was an ingenious and desperate solution. 

Once I got to the event someone immediately commented on my artsy DIY studs and I told this person they were made out of yak hair from Tibet. Then I bumped into Shannon, who I was not expecting to see because she was already working for another company. I explained to her my wardrobe malfunction and she cracked up and spent the rest of the evening retelling the story to people we bumped into.

Shannon was high energy, full of life, and always fascinated by the arts and especially artists. Sometimes I become reclusive and take a step back from everything for a while but I need to remember how she pulled the creativity out of people because of her thirst for it. So I want to take the remainder of this post to talk about a couple things in the recent past that I have not written about, which I know she would like to hear about. One event was a talk that a Polish friend and I gave at the Polish school where my wife teaches on Saturday mornings. We spoke in Polish to a couple classes of kids about our artwork. You can see me here (second from top) signing my cartoon books for the young attendees.

The other recent thing is that I went with my two older, teenage kids on a trip to California to visit friends and family. I had planned to make videos of my friend artists: Anne Hars, Bill Wheelock, Rebecca Scalf, Bob Stang, and Kirk Maxson but when I got out there I did not feel like bothering them and putting them on the spot; it would have felt forced. Instead, I enjoyed looking at their work, hearing them speak about it without needing to record it, and appreciating the beauty of the California landscape, the surfers, redwood forests, and this special time with my kids.

I did take one picture of the Chumash Indian cave paintings in Santa Barbara (second from bottom), as well as a couple pictures from Kirk Maxson's studio in San Francisco (bottom). My 3D prints are continuing to fail tonight because my printer does not handle tiny prints very well. I think I will go with the knotted sock strips again in memory of Shannon.